DETERMINANTS OF SYMPTOMS OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) IN TWO COMMUNITIES AFTER FLOOD IN KOTA BHARU, KELANTAN

Abstract

Introduction: Flood is a common form of natural disaster that Malaysia experiences regularly. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological disorder that some victims may experience after natural disasters like flood. Identifying those victims of floods who are more at risk of developing PTSD is beneficial in preventing PTSD and disability. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of PTSD in 2 communities that were affected by the 2014 floods in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 154 individuals who were affected by the December 2014 flood in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Multi-stage sampling was done to select subjects from flood affected areas. Data was collected through self-report measures. PTSD was screened using a psychological assessment tool PCL-C civilian version. The data collected included socio-demographic variables, effects of floods, help received. The Brief COPE inventory was used to determine the coping strategies adopted by the victims. Univariate and multivariate analysis were done to determine the associations, p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Total of 54 (35.1%) subjects were screened positive for PTSD. Four independent factors (experienced lost contact with a close associate, loss of belonging(s)/property, total value of loss more than RM 2000, trapped and waited for rescue) were significantly predictors of PTSD. Conclusion: Mental health services should be distributed to groups at particular risks after flood, to reduce any possible psychological impact such as PTSD. Keywords: Flood, PTSD, cope, Kelantan