MALE CIRCUMCISION PROGRAMME AMONGST MUSLIMS IN RURAL CAMBODIA: WHAT CAN BE A SUSTAINABLE FRAMEWORK?

Abstract

Background: Male circumcision is a compulsory practice in Islam but is not affordable for rural Muslims minority of Cambodia. The objective of the study was to suggest a practical framework for a sustainable male circumcision programme in rural Cambodia which is safe, accessible and affordable. Method: A mix-method was used. In October 2019, a total of 202 parents or caretakers responded to face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire during an outreach rural circumcision programme in Siem Reap and Battambang provinces in Cambodia. In-depth interviews were conducted with 6 personnel of local agency and International NGOs. The estimated cost of an outreach circumcision programme was calculated using the UNAID spreadsheet. Results: Most of the respondents had better knowledge on the religious demands of circumcision compared to knowledge on health benefits. They preferred the modern to traditional circumcision practice because they felt hygiene and safety are emphasised. However, they found affordability as a limitation to modern practice. The estimated cost calculated for circumcision at an outreach programme was between USD12-13. Most of the respondents were only keen to pay up to USD3 if the cost is to be subsidised. Interviews with local and international NGO representatives showed their support for the circumcision programme. Inter-agency collaboration was quoted as an important factor for programme sustainability. They proposed some sources of funding to support the programme’s sustainability. Conclusion: The respondents were aware of the benefits of modern method of circumcision. Affordability was highlighted as their main obstacle. Tapping the Islamic Social Finance (ISF) via the cash waqf framework was proposed for sustainability of the outreach male circumcision programme among Muslims communities in rural areas.