ORAL HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND ORAL TREATMENT NEEDS AMONG TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS ON FOLLOW UP WITH DIABETES MALAYSIA IN PETALING JAYA, MALAYSIA

Abstract

Introduction: Type II Diabetes Mellitus is a major problem of the present era discussed extensively in several studies regarding oral health. Diabetic patients display an increased risk of oral disorders, and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) might affect their management and treatment modalities. The aim of the present study was to determine OHRQoL and associated parameters among patients with Type II Diabetes. It has been previously reported, that 22.5% of Type II Diabetics have impaired Oral Health Related Quality of Life and very high dental and periodontal treatment needs. Understanding the problems of Type II Diabetics with regard to oral health maintenance and disability to access the proper oral health care they need will help increase their Oral Health Related Quality of Life as well as their overall well-being. Limited research work has been carried out on the OHRQoL of the Type II Diabetics. Objective: To determine the prevalence, determinants of OHRQoL and the Treatment needs among the Type II Diabetics in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 206 Type II diabetics in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia in October 2015. OHRQoL was assessed by using Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Factors associated with OHRQoL were assessed using a 21-item questionnaire grouped into five main themes namely the sociodemographic factors, lifestyle factors, medical factors, dental factors, knowledge of oral complications of diabetes. Treatment needs (Periodontal and Dental), were assessed by clinical assessment using the Basic Periodontal Examination (BPE) and Decayed-Missing-Filled Teeth (DMFT) charting. Data collection was by face to face interview. Univariate and Multivariate analysis were used to determine associations, and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of poor OHRQoL among Type II Diabetics in Petaling Jaya is 33%. The determinants of poor OHRQoL among Type II Diabetic patients are revealed using the multiple logistic regression analysis include Monthly household income (OR= 4.372, 95% CI=1.684-11.347, p=0.002), Alcohol consumption frequency (OR=18.961, 95% CI=3.321-108.262, p=0.002), Periodontal treatment needs (OR=2.948, 95% CI= 1.344-6.470, p=0.007), and Dental treatment needs (OR= 8.894 , 95% CI= 2.514-31.466, p=0.001). Conclusion: This study confirmed the magnitude of poor OHRQoL experienced by Type II Diabetics in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. In order, to reduce the levels of poor OHRQoL among the Type II Diabetics, the multiple factors that affect it should be taken into account. In addition to that, utilization of available dental health care facilities among Type II Diabetics might improve their quality of life with respect to oral health. These points should be taken into consideration for improving the training professionals who treat as well as plan treatment strategies for Type II Diabetic patients. Keywords: Oral Health Related Quality of Life, Treatment Needs, Type II Diabetes, Type II Diabetic patients